Green Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance: The Role of Sustainable Growth Rate

Authors

  • Eem Hulaemah Hulaemah Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
  • Windu Mulyasari Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58968/as.v3i2.605

Keywords:

Green Intellectual Capital, Financial Performance, Sustainable Growth Rate Energy

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of Green Intellectual Capital on financial performance with Sustainable Growth Rate as an intervening in variable energy sector companies listed on the Exchange for the Indonesia Stock period 2021-2023. Using a quantitative approach, this study applies a panel data and the Sobel test regression model to test the causal relationship between variables. The results showed that Green Structural Capital has a has a positive and significant effect on financial performance, while Green Human Capital negative effect on financial performance. Green Relational Capital does not show a significant effect. Sustainable Growth Rate proved to have a positive influence on financial performance, but did not mediate the relationship between Green Intellectual Capital and financial performance. These findings indicate that although the concept of Green Intellectual Capital is an important strategy in the context of sustainability, its implementation does not always have a direct impact on financial performance. Therefore, a more comprehensive strategy is needed to optimize the role of Green Intellectual Capital in supporting sustainable growth.

References

Agustia, D., Asyik, N. F., & Midiantari, N. (2021). Intellectual Capital on Financial Performance and Sustainable Growth. EKUITAS (Journal of Economics and Finance), 5(2), 159–179. https://doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2021.v5.i2.4744

Agustina, S., Ruhiyat, E., & Sugiyanto, S. (2024). Green Intellectual Capital, Asset Growth on Stock Return: The Role of Financial Performance as an Intervening Variable. Asean International Journal of Business, 3(1), 36–49. https://doi.org/10.54099/aijb.v3i1.839

Agyabeng-Mensah, Y., & Tang, L. (2021). The relationship among green human capital, green logistics practices, green competitiveness, social performance and financial performance. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 32(7), 1377–1398. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-11-2020-0441

Al Zahroh, D. N., Hidayat, A., & Irfany, M. I. (2024). Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Household Activities: A Case in Bogor Indonesia. Accounting and Sustainability, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.58968/as.v3i1.416

Alsayegh, M. F., Rahman, R. A., & Homayoun, S. (2020). Corporate economic, environmental, and social sustainability performance transformation through ESG disclosure. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093910

Altahtamouni, F., Alfayhani, A., Qazaq, A., Alkhalifah, A., Masfer, H., Almutawa, R., & Alyousef, S. (2022). Sustainable Growth Rate and ROE Analysis: An Applied Study on Saudi Banks Using the PRAT Model. Economies, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10030070

Anggriani, L., & Dewi, N. P. (2022). The Influence of Green Intellectual Capital Index, Corporate Social Responsibility Costs, and Company Size on Financial Performance in Mining Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014-2019. Zona Keuangan: Accounting Study Program (S1) Universitas Batam, 11(3), 42–59. https://doi.org/10.37776/zuang.v11i3.812

Aprilyani, R. V. D., Susbiyani, A., & Aspirandi, R. M. (2020). The Influence of Capital Employed, Human Capital, and Structural Capital on Financial Performance in Banking Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017-2020. Journal of Professional Accounting, 11(2), 330–338. https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JAP/article/view/30693

Ariesa, Y., Putra Hulu, W., Antonio, K., & Prima Indonesia, U. (2023). The Effect of Sustainable Growth Rate and Research and Development on Company Value Through the Moderating Variable of Profitability in Start-Up Companies in the World. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal, 4(2), 1858–1870. http://journal.yrpipku.com/index.php/msej

Benichintya, A., Kore, R., Kristen, U., & Wacana, D. (2023). The Influence of Environmental Performance and Company Growth in Indonesia. Journal of Management Research.

Chandra, M., & Augustine, Y. (2019). The Influence of Green Intellectual Capital Index and Sustainability Disclosure on Financial and Non-Financial Performance of Companies with Transparency as a Moderating Variable. Journal of Trisakti Master's Accounting, 6(1), 45–70. https://doi.org/10.25105/jmat.v6i1.5066

Chang, C. H., & Chen, Y. S. (2012). The Determinants of Green Intellectual Capital. Management Decision, 50(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741211194886

Chen, Y. S. (2008). The positive effect of green intellectual capital on competitive advantages of firms. Journal of Business Ethics, 77(3), 271–286. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9349-1

CNBC. (2021). In the 2020 pandemic, ADRO's net profit plummeted by 64%, what caused it? CNBC Indonesia.

El Madbouly, D. (2022). Factors affecting the Sustainable Growth Rate and its impact on Firm Value: Empirical Evidence from the Egyptian Stock Exchange. Journal of Accounting and Auditing of the Arab Universities Union, 11(1), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.21608/naus.2022.229413

Fizri Andini, W. M. (2024). The Effect of ESG Disclosure on Financial Performance with Earnings Management as an Intervening Variable. Management Science Research Journal, 3(4), 2828–4216.

Florensia, E., Kohardinata, C., & Laturette, K. (2022). The Influence of Intellectual Capital on Sustainable Growth Rate during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Banking and Other Financial Services Sector. Https://Journal.Unesa.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Akunesa/Index, 11(1), 36–48.

Freeman, R. E., & David, L. R. (1983). Stockholders and Stakeholders: A New Perspective on Corporate Governance. California Management Review, 25(3), 88–106. https://doi.org/10.2307/41165018

Gandhawangi, S. (2020). Companies Begin to Shift Towards Environmentally Friendly Business. Kompas. https://www.kompas.id/baca/ilmu-pengetahuan-teknologi/2020/09/30/perusahaan-mulai-bergerak-ke-bisnis-ramah-lingkungan

Higgins, R. C. (2015). How Much Growth Can a Firm Afford? 6 (3), 7–16.

Huang, C.-L., & Kung, F.-H. (2011). Environmental consciousness and intellectual capital management: Evidence from Taiwan’s manufacturing industry. Management Decision, 34(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/00251741111173916

Karlsson, E., & Grundberg, J. (2022). The relationship between sustainability and financial performance: An empirical study of Swedish equity funds.

Kartikasari, A. C., & Astuti, C. D. (2023). The influence of Green Intellectual Capital and Financial Non-Distress on Sustainable Growth. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 9(8), 264–275. http://jurnal.peneliti.net/index.php/JIWP/article/view/3693

Karyanti, B. R., & Murwaningsari, E. (2023). The influence of Green Human Capital and Green Structural Capital on Company Performance with Green Relational as a Moderating Variable. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 3(2), 3115–3124. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v3i2.17904

Kinanti, S. A., & Murwaningsari, E. (2024). The Influence of Green Human Capital, Green Structural Capital, and Green Relational Capital on Company Performance. Journal of Trisakti Economics, 4(1), 245–252. https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v4i1.18851

KLHK. (2021). The Development of NDC and Indonesia's Long-Term Strategy in Climate Change Mitigation. Ministry of Environment and Forestry. https://ppid.menlhk.go.id/berita/siaran-pers/5870/perkembangan-ndc-dan-strategi-

Kore, A. B. R., & Prasasyaningsih, X. I. (2023). The Influence of Environmental Performance and Sustainable Growth on Financial Performance of Companies in Indonesia. Journal of Management and Business Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.21460/jrmb.2023.181.459

Malmström, C., & Ekström, L. (2022). Sustainability Performance Relation to Financial Performance - A Quantitative Study of Companies in the Textile Industry within the European and North American Markets. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-56995

Meiliani, F., Djazuli, A., & Utami, D. (2024). Determinants of Sustainable Growth in Non-Primary Consumer Goods Sector Companies in Indonesia. Journal of Management and Business, 9(1), 88–97.

Mukherjee, T., & Sen, S. S. (2019). Intellectual Capital and Corporate Sustainable Growth: The Indian Evidence. Journal of Business Economics and Environmental Studies, 9(2), 5–15. https://doi.org/10.13106/jbees.2019.vol9.no2.5

Nor, F. M., Ramli, N. A., Marzuki, A., & Rahim, N. (2020). Determinants and Stability of Dividend Payment: The Case of Malaysian Public-Listed Shariah-Compliant Firms. Journal of Management, 60, 83–95. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2020-60-07

Patel, P. C., João Guedes, M., Pagano, M. S., & Olson, G. T. (2020). Industry Profitability Matters: The Value of Sustainable Growth Rate and Distance from Bankruptcy as Enablers of Venture Survival. Journal of Business Research, 114(April), 80–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.04.004

Putra, I. A., Aspirandi, R. M., & Suharsono, R. S. (2024). Determinants of the Green Intellectual Capital Index in Carbon Emission Disclosure and Transparency towards Financial Performance. 198–219.

Rahi, A. F., Johansson, J., & Lions, C. (2024). Reinventing the wheel? Factors influencing the relationship: links between sustainability and financial performance. European evidence. International Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 32(1), 147–177. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJAIM-02-2023-0023

Renaldo, N. (2022). The Effect of Green Supply Chain Management, Green Intellectual Capital, and Green Information System on Environmental Performance and Financial Performance. Yvonne Augustine, 10(10), 53–77. https://doi.org/10.14738/abr.1010.13254

Roziqin, K. (2024). Determinants of the sustainable growth rate and its impact on the financial performance of Islamic banking in Southeast Asia.

Saraswati, E., & Candra Inata, L. (2021). The Impact of Green Intellectual Capital Disclosure on Sustainable Business and Non-Financial Performance. Apssai Accounting Review, 1(1), 36–50. https://doi.org/10.26418/apssai.v1i1.3

Selfiani, M. (2024). The Effect of Human Capital on Financial Performance with Corporate Sustainable Growth as a Moderating Variable. Journal of Accounting, Finance, Tax and Information, 4(1), 56–70.

Septiana, C. (2022). Christabel Septiana / Analysis of Intellectual Capital on Sustainable Growth Rate with Financial Performance as Mediation. ANALYSIS OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL ON SUSTAINABLE GROWTH RATE WITH FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AS MEDIATION. Media Akuntansi Dan Perpajakan Indonesia, 4(1), 41–66.

Sihombing, P. B. S., & Murwaningsari, E. (2022). The Influence of Green Relational Capital, Green Structural Capital, and Green Human Capital on Company Performance. Owner, 7(1), 280–292. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v7i1.1246

Subramanian, A. M., & van de Vrande, V. (2019). The role of intellectual capital in new product development: Can it become a liability? Journal of Operations Management, 65(6), 517–535. https://doi.org/10.1002/joom.1045

Sukirman, A. S., & Dianawati, W. (2023). Green intellectual capital and financial performance: The moderation of family ownership. Cogent Business and Management, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2200498

Wijaya, Muhammad Reza Angga, Meiliana, R. (2024). THE IMPACT OF THE QUALITY OF SDGs DISCLOSURE AND GREEN ACCOUNTING ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE. Thesis, INSTITUT INFORMATIKA DAN BISNIS DARMAJAYA. Repository Institut Informatika Dan Bisnis Darmajaya.

Xu, J., & Wang, B. (2018). Intellectual capital, financial performance, and companies’ sustainable growth: Evidence from the Korean manufacturing industry. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/su10124651

Yilmaz, I. (2021). Sustainability and financial performance relationship: international evidence. World Journal of

Downloads

Published

2025-03-14

How to Cite

Hulaemah, E. H., & Windu Mulyasari. (2025). Green Intellectual Capital and Financial Performance: The Role of Sustainable Growth Rate. Accounting and Sustainability, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.58968/as.v3i2.605